"What was Enrico Mattei? An adventurer? A great patriot? One of those Italians elusive, indefinable, who can get in on all sides, capable of great charm as great fury, but with a generous memory of an elephant for the injuries suffered, but most skillful in using the money without touching upon the shares but are able to use them, cynical but a great design. "
(Giorgio Bocca)
Enrico Mattei was murdered, his case covered up, witnesses silenced. But one thing is certain: the plane was traveling and the chairman of ENI, which fell on the evening of October 27, 1962 in Baschurch, near Milan, was sabotaged.
was a man who gave much trouble. Mattei's strategy was aimed at breaking the monopoly of the "seven sisters", not only for the benefit of our body oil, but also to establish new relationships between the industrialized and material suppliers prime.Una strategy simply unacceptable for large companies who share the oil wealth of the world.
investigation of the Prosecutor of Pavia, which was reopened in the mid-90s, it is also clear that the coverup of the crime was directed from the top services. For the deputy prosecutor of Pavia Vincenzo Calia the founder of ENI was "unequivocally" the victim of an attack. Vincenzo Calia comes close to solving the case and put forward the hypothesis of the attack, but can not prove it. Calia writes: "The execution of the attack was planned when it was certain that Enrico Mattei would not leave voluntarily, the president of the state oil". Calia has shown that the explosion that brought down the twin Morane-Saulnier in which they traveled the President of ENI, the pilot Irnerio Bertuzzi and the American journalist William McHale was caused by a bomb placed in the landing gear of the aircraft. The evidence contained in 208 pages of the file also shows that the investigation 1962, chaired by Air Force General Hercules Savi, ended by declaring the impossibility of ascertaining the cause "of the disaster, was in fact a monstrous cover-up.
date before the bar is over only a farmer from Baschurch, Mario Ronchi, accused of "abetting aggravated." According to the prosecution saw the plane explode in flight Mattei, gave interviews to that effect in different organs of the press and Rai and then ... will all remain. Who has sabotaged the plane? Who are the principals? The prosecutor Calia unable to ascertain, but it is likely that there are responsibilities of men included in Eni and organs of state security. And more false leads, manipulations, suppressions of evidence and documents, pressures that prevent the establishment of the truth. On 27 July 1993 by the "repentant" mafia of Gaetano Ianni reach important statements.
Iannì According to the elimination of Mattei there was an agreement between unidentified "American" and the Sicilian Cosa Nostra. To put a bomb on the plane Mattei fuono some men of the Mafia family headed by Giuseppe Di Cristina. Tommaso Buscetta also reveals that the American Mafia Cosa Nostra, asked the favor of eliminating Enrico Mattei "in the interests of the major substantial U.S. oil companies." In Italy, later, Mattei was a financier of the political, economic and political enemy of the clubs linked to large interessi.La certainty is that the president of ENI Enrico Mattei, the most powerful manager of the Italian state is uccisola evening of October 27, 1962 together the pilot Irnerio Bertuzzi and the American journalist William Mc Hale. In parallel to the administrative conduct Air Force, the Prosecutor opened an investigation of Pavia for the crimes of aggravated murder and aviation disaster. The military investigation closes quickly, in March 1963, without substantially determined the cause of the accident, Pavia closed criminal investigations Feb. 7, 1966, accepting the demands of prosecution and sentence by saying "not to prosecute because the facts do not exist." To give vent to each other in the late seventies were a book and a movie. The book, written by Fulvio Bellini and Alexander Previdi, is titled "The assassination of Enrico Mattei. The film is "The Mattei Affair" by Francesco Rosi. At the same time
Italo Mattei, Henry's brother, calls for the establishment of a parliamentary commission of inquiry. There are too many doubts about the incident and also the disappearance of Mattei has been useful to many people in Italy and abroad, since its relations with the countries of the third world oil producers had hit the oil cartel of the seven sisters. The reopening of the investigation is requested even by a press campaign of the weekly "The hours of the week" and a series of parliamentary questions. The interest around the mysterious end of the "king of Italian oil" is given new impetus by the investigation into the disappearance of the journalist of the 'now' of Palermo Mauro De Mauro, 16 September 1970. One of the tracks followed the end of the investigation De Mauro Palermo assumed fact that the journalist was abducted and killed because he discovered something very important about the death of the President of ENI: De Mauro Rosi had in fact received by the director in charge to collaborate in the preparation of screenplay for the film "The Mattei Affair", reconstructing the last two days of life spent by the Chairman of ENI in Sicily.
The investigation into the disappearance of Mauro De ends in a stalemate, despite the request for further investigations made by GIP in Palermo again in 1991. The proceeding is filed Aug. 18, 1992: De Mauro could not have found anything special about the death of Enrico Mattei, since the court of Pavia had considered all of the accidental nature of the disaster of Baschurch. On September 20, 1994 the investigating judge of Pavia authorizing the reopening of the investigation against unknown persons. The reopening was sought by the prosecutor Pavia, for competence, had received by the prosecutor in Caltanissetta extract of the statements made by a turncoat mafia. On November 5, 1997 the prosecutor of Pavia Vincenzo Calia comes to this conclusion: "the plane, onto which traveled Enrico Mattei, William Mc Hale and Inrneio Bertuzzi, was intentionally shot down in the sky of Baschurch in the evening of 27 October 1962. The medium used was a small explosive charge, possibly triggered by the command which lowers the carriage and opened the doors closing of their housing. " Nothing more you can discover and questions remain. Enrico Mattei was to break the grip built around him by the oil cartel that ENI excluded from the international oil market, denying concessions in the producing countries on par with the other oil companies. Mattei then declared war on neo-colonial system of concessions, offering producers an agreement revolutionary countries, 75% of revenue compared to 50% so far offered by the airlines, and the skills of the local workforce. The cartel reacted furiously, leading to overthrow governments, such as Libya, which had accepted the offer and opened prospects for large supplies to ENI. In 1962, when it was looked forward to the outcome of the Algerian question, Mattei was a way around the block.
supporting the National Liberation Front (FLN), Mattei had mortgaged preferentially to ENI from the future government. It was thought then that Algeria possessed, on the border with Libya, the largest unexplored oil reserves in the world. Mattei moved parallel to De Gaulle, who decided to recognize the independence of Algeria. In return, the French oil company ENI gained the same privileges. The triumphal entry of ENI in the oil market was then almost assicurato.Non alone, the Executive Intelligence Review, through a meticulous reconstruction of the case Mattei, Eni said that the president eventually was able to open a dialogue with the White House, despite the international press had painted Mattei as a dangerous subversive anti-American. Mattei, for Eir, failed to make it clear to the new Kennedy administration that all he wanted was to be treated equally, that he was angry with America but with the methods applied by the colonial "seven sisters" of oil. The Kennedy administration accepted the box and put pressure on an oil company, Exxon, ENI to grant exploitation rights. The agreement was celebrated with a visit to Mattei in Washington, where he met Kennedy, and the conferral of an honorary degree from a prestigious U.S. university.
the eve of that trip, October 27, 1962, Mattei was assassinated. A year later, he was killed Kennedy. In a confidential report from the Foreign Office on 19 July 1962, stating that the "the Matteismo" was "potentially very dangerous for all oil companies operating in free competition (...). It is no exaggeration to assert that the success of the policy 'Matteista' represents the destruction of the free oil around the world. " So Mattei was eliminated in one way or another.
Eufemia Giannetti
Here are the Anglo-American Corporation as involved: Standard Oil of New Jersey (U.S., today Exxon-Mobil), Royal Dutch Shell (Anglo-Dutch Shell remained), Anglo Persian Oil (UK, now BP), Standard Oil of New York (American now Chevron- Texaco), Socony (U.S., now Chevron-Texaco), Standard Oil of California (U.S., now Chevron-Texaco), Gulf Oil (U.S., now Chevron-Texaco)
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